The Spanish Hogfish (Bodianus rufus) is a species of wrasse native to the western Atlantic Ocean.

Distribution and Habitat

The Spanish Hogfish is native to the western Atlantic Ocean where it can be found from North Carolina and Bermuda through the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico to southern Brazil. It inhabits coral or rock reefs at depths of 1 to 70 meters.

Physical Description

The Spanish Hogfish can reach a length of 40 cm (16 in), though most do not exceed 28 cm (11 in). It has a robust body with distinctive coloration. The adults are typically reddish to yellowish in color with darker markings.

Diet and Feeding

The adults feed on molluscs, crustaceans, echinoderms, worms, and small fish. The juveniles act as cleaner fishes. In captivity it should be fed a variety of meaty foods including shrimp, crab, and prepared foods.

Behavior and Reproduction

The Spanish Hogfish is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries and can be found in the aquarium trade. The juveniles act as cleaner fish, removing parasites from other fish.

Aquarium Care

It requires a tank of at least 75 gallons with plenty of live rock and hiding spots. It is semi-aggressive and should be kept with similarly sized or larger tankmates. It will eat small invertebrates and fish and should not be housed with very small peaceful species.

Conservation Status

Classified as Least Concern by the IUCN Red List.