The Purple Firefish (Nemateleotris decora), also known as the Elegant Firefish, is a species of dartfish native to tropical waters in the Indo-West Pacific.

Distribution and Habitat

The Purple Firefish is found in the Indo-West Pacific from Mauritius to Samoa, north to the Ryukyu Islands, and south to New Caledonia. It is found at depths ranging between 25 and 70 meters over hard open bottoms of reefs, sandy patches, and rubble, as well as deeper coastal outer reef drop-offs where there are strong currents.

Physical Description

The Purple Firefish reaches a maximum length of 9 cm (3.5 in). It is a slender colourful fish. The head is purple and the body colour is whitish or yellowish gradually darkening to deep grey towards the tail. The fins have longitudinal bands of purple, red, black, and orange.

Diet and Feeding

The Purple Firefish feeds on zooplankton, especially the larvae of copepods and crustaceans. In captivity it accepts a varied diet including brine shrimp, mysis shrimp, and frozen preparations.

Behavior and Reproduction

This species is often found in pairs and is monogamous. They will dart into holes when alarmed. They are relatively docile and will not attack tankmates in a suitably sized aquarium.

Aquarium Care

It is popular in reef aquariums and is resistant to diseases. It requires a tank of at least 20 gallons with a tight-fitting lid. It is considered reef-safe and peaceful. Firefish are commonly kept in nano reef aquariums. If kept in confined quarters these fish may squabble over territory.

Conservation Status

Classified as Least Concern by the IUCN Red List.