The Mappa Puffer (Arothron mappa), also known as the Map Puffer or Scribbled Puffer, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Tetraodontidae. It was first formally described in 1822 by Edward Turner Bennett. The specific name mappa means "map" in reference to the scribbled, map-like pattern on the body.

Distribution and Habitat

The Mappa Puffer is found in the Indo-Pacific from the Red Sea and East Africa to the Hawaiian Islands and French Polynesia, north to southern Japan and south to northern Australia. It inhabits coral reefs and rocky substrates at depths from 1 to 50 meters. It is typically found on outer reef slopes and in sheltered bays.

Physical Description

The Mappa Puffer reaches a maximum total length of 65 cm (25.6 in), making it one of the larger pufferfish species. The body is robust and oval-shaped. The coloration is grey to brown with a complex network of dark lines and scribbles resembling a map across the body. The belly is lighter. The skin is thick and leathery with small spines. The eyes are large and positioned high on the head. The mouth is terminal with four large teeth fused into beak-like dental plates.

Diet and Feeding

The Mappa Puffer is a carnivorous predator that feeds on a variety of invertebrates including mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms. It uses its powerful beak to crush hard-shelled prey. In the aquarium it accepts a variety of meaty foods including frozen shrimp, clams, squid, and hard-shelled foods to help wear down its continuously growing teeth.

Behavior and Reproduction

This species is generally solitary. It is a slow-moving fish that can inflate with water as a defense mechanism. It is generally peaceful toward larger tankmates but may nip at the fins of other fish. Reproduction involves pelagic spawning.

Aquarium Care

The Mappa Puffer requires a tank of at least 200 gallons with plenty of swimming space and live rock. It is generally not reef-safe as it will eat corals and invertebrates. It should be kept with larger peaceful fish. Its teeth grow continuously and require hard-shelled foods to prevent overgrowth. Water temperature should be maintained between 72-82 F (22-28 C) with pH 8.1-8.4 and dKH 8-12.

Conservation Status

Classified as Least Concern by the IUCN Red List.